What are the pharmacological effects of cetafloxacin?

In one study, cetafloxacin was more active than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against most Gram-negative bacteria in over 5,000 clinical isolates. Cetafloxacin was more active against Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, methicillin- or quinolone-susceptible or resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas maltophilia, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Bacteroides fragilis were more active than sparfloxacin, fleroxacin and ofloxacin (MIC90: 0.006-3.13 μg/ml). Cetafloxacin is the most active compound among them against Enterobacteriaceae.

The activity of cetafloxacin against Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC90=0.025 μg/ml) and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (MIC90=0.39 μg/ml) was comparable to that of sparfloxacin. The activity of ciprofloxacin and tosufloxacin (tosufloxacin) against acid-producing Klebsiella (K. oxytoca) was comparable to that of cetafloxacin, and the activity of ciprofloxacin against Proteus mirabilis was comparable to that of cetafloxacin. For all other strains tested, the activity of cetafloxacin was stronger than the above antibiotics (including lomefloxacin).

In another experiment, cetafloxacin was 8-16 times more active against Gram-positive bacteria than ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, and 4-8 times more active than tosufloxacin and sparfloxacin. Cetafloxacin inhibited 90% of isolates, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative streptococci, with MIC90 <= 0.25 mg/L. Cetafloxacin was significantly more active than ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and levofloxacin against clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae, especially quinolone-resistant strains carrying mutant DNA uncapping enzymes. Levofloxacin. Soft agar dilution method showed higher in vitro activity of cetafloxacin against anaerobic bacteria with MIC90 of Bacteroides fragilis (1 mg/L), Clostridium difficile (0.12), C. perfringens (0.06), Peptostreptococci (0.12) and Prevotella sp. (0.25). Cetafloxacin was the most active against all anaerobes tested, followed by clindamycin, trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in that order.